Natural stone is one of the world's oldest and most sustainable building materials. Its properties and appearance are formed by geological processes that have occurred over millions of years. Factors such as mineral composition and origin affect the stone's appearance, density, durability and resistance to weathering. An understanding of the geological aspects is important in choosing the right stone for different applications.
Natural stone is extracted directly from the mountain and processed/cut into final products without changing its natural composition.
Artificial materials or engineered products, such as quartz composite are produced by binding crushed stone particles with glue, resin and other additives. Ceramic slabs and tiles are made by pressing together a variety of minerals and fines under extremely high temperatures.
Natural stone contains only natural minerals, and are formed by different geological processes.
Varying mineral composition and content depending on origin, and the formation process significantly influences the quality and appearance of the stone. See the mineral composition of Lundhs Real Stone® here and learn more about formation processes below.
If we have a look at the chemical composition of natural stone, we can divide them into two categories; Calcium Carbonate based stones, and Silicate based stones.
They can again be categorized in 3 different groups of stones depending upon the type of formation; Sedimentary, Metamorphic and Igneous.
The formation of a stone tells a lot about the properties, and is important in order to specify the right materials for different applications.
Igneous rocks can be formed either extrusively or intrusively. Extrusive rocks, like basalt, are formed on the Earth's surface from lava, and intrusive rocks are formed from cooled and solidified magma deep within the Earth's crust. Intrusive rocks such as Larvikite, Anorthosite, and granite are known for their strength and durability. These stones are very durable and ideal for demanding applications such as countertops, facades, and flooring.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are transformed by intense heat and pressure over time. Marble, slate, and quartzite fall into this category. The process gives them new textures and structures, often resulting in striking veins or layering. Some of these rocks tend to have a higher porosity, which should be considered before choosing. Metamorphic rocks are popular in both decorative and demanding projects.
Sedimentary rocks such as limestone and sandstone are formed by the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles, often in marine environments. These rocks tend to have a softer texture, higher porosity, and earthy colors, making them ideal for facades, cladding, and interiors.
At the Natural Stone School you can learn more about our Norwegian natural stones, how they are mined, used, tested and our work with sustainability. The Natural Stone School consists of a number of modules that we can adapt to different target groups. Duration will be from 2-4 hours. The course can be held at our premises in Larvik and combined with a visit to the quarry, or held at a desired location.
If you or several people in your organization are interested in participating in the Natural Stone School - please contact us and we will create a suitable program.
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